This Is England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

This Is England - Essay Example The segment of the film was between 1:31:10 and 1:34:09 in the film "This is England". We chose to analyze the segment because it builds a good platform for the art. The segment also gives the spectator of what happened in England in 1980's, as the segment shows images of various iconic signs like the rubies cube, the segment also shows the gritty elements of war people faced in Falklands and England. The violence images and anarchy combined with the archive footage of the harmless periods of the 1980's. This creates a concrete contrast and creates the feeling of viewers to continue watching to find out what happened. The segment shows images of people and event that have effects on the actors, which are revealed in the segment, and the footage reminds us the aspects: give viewers knowledge about the environment and offers the anarchic setting that is present throughout the film. The shots of the film principle character occur immediately after the titles. The connections show the re lationship between Shaun and rebellious archive footage previously in the film. The segment shows the soldier's picture by Shaun's bed and this shows enigma codes as the viewers need to know the connections. Margaret Thatcher voice is heard on the radio, which Shaun immediately turn it off: it gives the viewers the knowledge of attitudes on the prime minister at that time. Camera work. The segment has various ways of presenting "This is England", similar to what has been used in the entire film. The segment shows how the natural lighting is employed to show the realism effect. That is the way the producers used to produce "This is England". The segment is portrayed as a documentary, and the style presents things as they occur daily. Such realities are crowds, classes, and marriage. The segment does no different as documentary in concentrating on the principle character. The segment shows natural lighting consisting of light and dark. The segment shows the film at day and during the night, which makes it easy to film; because extra lighting is not required. The segment is presented in such a way that it shows the British at war and ways in which the society is united. The segment shows a hand held camera which confirms that this is a social realist art: they are low budget arts, so everything uses fewer tools and materials. Handheld camera helps the spectator to gain an insight and it involve the spectator to watch the film. At this segment, there are a variety of shots used: this makes the segment effective as the viewer is able to see all the various angles and ways of seeing something. Sounds. The soundtrack used in this segment is a diegetic sound. This type of soundtrack shows that the art is real because the spectator is able to hear the natural sounds. The sound is also used in the entire film. The producer analyzed the sound because viewers do not normally notice these sounds every day. Diegetic sound tells the visual story. Diegetic sound is another in strument to tell the story of the author. In "This is England" segment, the producer draws the viewer by shifting from the diegetic to non-diegetic. The segment changes the role of the music in the piece, he engages the viewer in the action. Also, the segment pulls off the viewer from the scene to separate the spectators from the story. The segment also uses traditional effects of sound and Foley to leverage the sounds of diegetic. The segment uses digenetic to toy with the spectators: mislead the viewers. The

Does School Prepare Children for the Real World Essay Example for Free

Does School Prepare Children for the Real World Essay â€Å"Getting a good education and make good grades no longer ensures success. † Because these would not merely help us to be a successful professionals. Not all things are being taught in school. Does school prepare children for the real world and ?. but rather the skills and knowledge you are able to apply with your income separates the lower middle class from the wealthy. study hard and get good grades and you will find a high paying job with great benefits for you to attain success in life. education is the foundation of success† â€Å"just as scholastic skills are very important, so are financial and communication skills. † Just as what it is stated, education plays an important role in life. For an individual to be a successful. The author tells us how to achieve success but with very disparate approaches Throughout the book, the author compares both fathers , their principles, ideas, financial practices, and degree of dynamism and how his real father, the poor, struggling but highly educated man, paled against his rich dad in terms of asset building. He compares his poor dad to those people who are perpetually scampering in the Rat Race, helplessly trapped in a vicious cycle of needing more but never able to satisfy their dreams for wealth because of one glaring lack: financial literacy. His rich dad, by contrast, represents the independently wealthy core of society who deliberately takes advantage of the power of corporations and their personal knowledge of tax. The book’s theme reduces to two fundamental concepts: a can-do attitude and fearless entrepreneurship. The author highlights these two concepts by providing multiple examples for each and focusing on the need for financial literacy, how the power of corporations contribute to making the wealthy even wealthier, minding your own business, overcoming obstacles by not fostering laziness, fear, cynicism and other negative attitudes, and recognizing the characteristics of humans and how their preconceived notions and upbringing hamper their financial freedom goals. For most parents today, they are having a hard time keeping their children in chool. But in light of our changing times, as parents, we need to be open to new and bold ideas. â€Å"life is the best lecturer in life† it does not require any moments of an indi Vidual but rather having it’s experiences in life. Some people may think of money that has been involve. But the more money you have it will put you into more depths. Always keep in mind of† knowing how to work for money† not â€Å"knowing how to ma ke money work for you. † â€Å"The more money you get, the more you spend. † If one is able to focus getting jobs that develop these three major skills sets, he is well on their way on the path to success. After sharing these main lessons of the rich, Kiyosaki goes a step further by addressing the 5 main obstacles keeping people from actually following through . first is Fear, Overcoming the fear of losing money. The fear of losing money is real. Everyone has it. The difference becomes how a rich and poor person handles the fear. Wealthy individuals use failure as a teaching moment and aren’t afraid to fail. Second is Cynicism, This deals mostly with those around you. Follow your own path, because at the end of the day, wealthy individuals are a small percentage who go against the grain and don’t follow the crowd. Thirdly is Laziness, One must be willing to put in the time and effort to build up their financial knowledge. This means being selfish and taking time out to build one’s personal wealth. Fourth is the Bad Habits, it is Reducing expenses is easier said than done, but one must be willing to break those bad spending and investing habits in order to be successful. And lastly is the Arrogance, Always be willing to reach out to those who are successful and those you want to emulate. To become wealthy, it’s often a collaborative effort, bouncing ideas from prospective mentors. â€Å"Its not what you say out of your mouth that determines your life, its what you whisper to yourself that has the most power! † it tells us of being a dependent individual. one must determine his/her life. By means of the application of business. Don’t lose hope, and move straight forward for the future ahead. let me give you an example to deeply understand these. Grace was a friend of mine. She was my best friend a long time ago. We had a promise of seeing each other again after 10 years. I’ve remember that she told that she would be a good doctor in a hospital. She always tell me that its her dream to be a doctor. We always spend time with each other saying our ambitions years from now. But years have passed, and life changes. She suddenly told me that she would stop after graduation and her ambition will go to an end because of some family problem. She told that her dream of becoming a doctor has come to an end. But as her best friend I’ve told her not to give up, and pursue her dreams. It must be a trial from god to see her faith and hope for him. And so she started again and start all over. Life is too short, so we must all enjoy what we have. And do even pursue more. â€Å"You’re only poor if you give up. The most important thing is that you did something. Most people only talk and dream of getting rich. You’ve done something. † in life, you must not give up. Every individual experiences a lot of things. Every time you fall, you must stand up. Face the reality. lways keep in mind that f you did something bad or good, you must not give up and not lose hope. Just don’t let it get to the point of hurting someone just for you to have a standard status in life. But as generations have passed, all people are know thinking of how to be rich. Richer in life. â€Å"Winners are not afraid of losing. But losers are. Failure is part of the process of success. People who avoid failure also avoid success. † In our generation today, people know are always taking risk on their fortunes, some of them are gabling on their lives just to let their status in life ranked high. Every individuals always think of having competition with each other. They always want to be called the winner in terms of their competition. So know, things have change as times passes by, they are now afraid of losing in any kinds of competition. But in vice versa. Always keep in mind that every failure is a part of every success of every individual in life. â€Å"The love of money is the root of all evil. The lack of money is the root of all evil. † We all know that the possession of money by a person makes him/her evil. Every individual who loves money. ill suddenly turn to a bad person when he/ she loves money so much that even he is consequently starts to forget all about his/herself and even his/her family loved ones. When it comes to money, people take their own risk in life. Many people strive hard just to save dollars. Always remember money is a form of power. But what is more powerful is financial education. Money comes and goes, but if you have the education about how money works, you would gain power over it and can begin building wealth. if you want something, work for it. We all wanted thengs to satisfy us. If you’re the kind of person who has no guts, you just give up every time life pushes you. If you’re that kind of person, you’ll live all your life playing it safe, doing the right things, saving yourself for something that never happens. Then, you die a boring old man. Life is the best teacher of all. Most of the time life does not talk to you. It’s just that it all pushes you around. Each push is a life saying there’s something I want to say to you, wake up and face a new life. â€Å"Intelligence solves problems produces money. Money without financial intelligence is money soon gone. Every individuals have rights to have education. â€Å"Getting a good education and make good grades no longer ensures success. † Because these would not merely help us to be a successful professionals. Not all things are being taught in school. but rather the skills and knowledge you are able to apply with your income separates the lower middle class from the wealthy. study hard and get good grades and you will find a high paying job with great benefits for you to attain success in life. â€Å"education is the foundation of success† â€Å"just as scholastic skills are very important, so are financial and communication skills. Just as what it is stated, education plays an important role in life. For an individual to be a successful. â€Å"Emotions are what make us human. Make us real. The word emotion stands for energy in motion. Be truthful about your emotions, and use your mind and emotions in your favor, not against yourself. † God created man with his own image and likeness. He created humans all complete. Emotions can served as the principle and aspects in decision making process of an individual. True person can be associated as real, if he/ she has it’s own true feelings and emotions. lways remember to be truthful abouy our emotions and use it in a proper way. â€Å"In school we learn that mistakes are bad, and we are punished for making them. Yet, if you look at the way humans are designed to learn, we learn by making mistakes. We learn to walk by falling down. If we never fell down, we would never walk. † â€Å"education is the foundation of success† â€Å"just as scholastic skills are very important, so are financial and communication skills. † Just as what it is stated, education plays an important role in life. For an individual to be a successful. For most parents today, they are having a hard time keeping their children in school. But in light of our changing times, as parents, we need to be open to new and bold ideas. â€Å"life is the best lecturer in life† it does not require any moments of an individual but rather having it’s experiences in life. Some people may think of money that has been involve. But the more money you have it will put you into more depths. Always keep in mind of† knowing how to work for money† not â€Å"knowing how to make money work for you. † â€Å"The more money you get, the more you spend. †

Kant’s Categorical Imperatives Essay -- Kants Moral Philosophy

In order to evaluate whether one’s actions are moral, we use many moral dilemmas. One of them is Kant’s categorical imperative. This essay presents Kant’s project of categorical imperative. Then, I will explain that rulers should appeal to Kant’s categorical imperative when making foreign policy decision. In order to support my point of view, I will give importance to the reasons of why rulers appeal to categorical imperative when making foreign policy, so I have two reasons for this. One of them is that states depend on each other in economically and politically. Thus, in order to provide this stability which means that continue to stay among other states, states should act through the principles of categorical imperative which are universally valid, good intention and never using people or other states as means to end. The second reason is that if rulers appeal to categorical imperative when making foreign policy decisions, the world can be more pe aceful. Since, wars and conflicts which are caused by bad intention, using other people or states as means for gaining advantages which are not universally valid can be hindered by categorical imperatives. Finally, I will conclude that the Kant’s categorical imperatives are still valid and necessary when rulers are making foreign policy decisions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If we explain briefly Kant’s categorical imperative, there are basically three principles that represent it. These are universal law, ends as a means and the importance of intention in conducting of human behaviour. Firstly, according to Kant, one’s action should be universally valid. Universal validity means that people should think behaviours and they need to judge their own behaviours or actions are morally acceptable or not. When you think of your behaviour, if you decide that everyone acts in the same way with me, then the action become universal and moral. The second principle of categorical imperative is that people must respect others and never use them for achieving some goals. Lastly, the third but the most important criterion of categorical imperative is maxim, which means intention. Moral value is determined by the intention of people, which is called general maxim. If your intention is good, then your action is moral. The consequences of your action are not important, the most important thing is your intention. For this reason, being moral in... ... a means to their ends. As a result of this kind of action, war between states is inevitable. It is because when one state can act in that way toward others then, other states also act in similar way. For this reason, their interests can be probably conflicted and chaos in world politics can arise. However, if states take into account the principles of categorical imperative, there will be probably no conflict or chaos in the world politics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, when the principles of categorical imperative are concerned, we easily realise that they depend on each other and they help us to evaluate the actions, which are moral. These principles of categorical imperative have the same goal that is being moral. For to be moral, the actions should be universal and should not have the aim of using others in order to gain advantages. If rulers conduct through the principles of categorical imperative then, it is obvious that the world would be more peaceful and fair. However, these obligations are not put into practise in today’s world politics. But, it is enough to know that categorical imperative is still valid and is necessary to apply to today’s conditions of foreign policy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Kant’s Philosophy Essay

Introduction Kant’s moral philosophy is also known as Kantian ethics. It is a type of a deontological theory, which is based on ethics. Immanuel Kant founded this deontological theory. Kant’s theory developed as a culmination to the enlightenment rationalism. The basic central idea of this theory is that the good will is the intrinsic quality of nature. Hence, if the action is morally good, maxim, it acts as the theory behind the duty to the moral law. Kant’s moral law gave birth to the idea of categorical imperative. According to the theory of Kant, it is an idea, which acts as a  moral law applicable to all people, irrespective of what their wishes, and interests are. â€Å"Act only to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. † (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). Kant’s theory has the unique quality of Kant’s formulation of moral law in the categorical imperative. The basic universal idea of Kant’s ethics reveal that in order to have permission to any action, the action needs to be applicable to all mankind without any disagreement. Moreover, this ethical theory states that human beings are not defined as beings who talks of an end but  rather are an autonomous end in themselves. The theory formulation also deals with the autonomy which results in saying that rational agents are willfully restricted to the moral law. Kant says that the idea of the Kingdom of Ends is about the establishment of the idea based on hypothetical kingdom, which is assumed by the people to be created by their actions (Pomerleau, 2013). In addition, Kant’s theory also portrays the idea of imperfect and perfect duties. In light of this view, the idea that human beings should not lie, is the perfect duty and it hold the truth in its centre. While charity, is an imperfect duty, which is applicable in specific moments and times. PHILOSOPHY 3 Many philosophers, such as Louis Pojman and Jean-Jacques Rousseau cited the Kant’s ethical theory for their debate for rationalism and empiricism. These debates state about Kant’s ethical theoretical development lead to the development of the natural law. Philosopher also believes that Kant’s teacher Martin Knutzen gave him the inspiration for his ethical theory. Other philosophers like Jacques Lacan, John Rawls and Jurgen Schopenhauer were also influenced by the ethical theory of Kant. However, philosophers like G. W. F Hegel criticized  Kant’s ethical theory as being short of providing enough prove for the decision making and the denial of human nature. Another philosopher, Arthur Schopenhauer also criticized Kant’s ethical theory as being perspective by saying that it does not only define the human behavior and characteristic but define a specific perspective. In addition, Michael Stocker argued that Kant’s moral theory says people committing the perfect and imperfect duties will eventually end up neglecting the other ethical motivations such as love and friendship. Discussion The basic concept of Kant’s moral philosophy is the ground work which is based on the  concept to seek out. Kant formulated these ideas by linking the common sense concept with the general morality ethics and duties of human beings. This Groundwork is based on the concept of seeking ou, from the basis of moral of metaphysics. His initial idea was to assign a statement to the principles of morality and judgment. These judgments would concern a normal/sane human being. The judgments should also be based on something which a human mind can possibly accept. In this sense, Kant did not give the judgment that would please the other philosophers for being directly linked with either the religion or science.

How Does William Shakespeare introduce the themes of love and hate in Romeo and Juliet?

In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare shows beautifully constructed language in the Prologue and Act 1:1 to illustrate the love of the `star crossed lovers` and the hatred shared from the Capulet's and the Montague's, the ongoing rivalry over something feeble enough that it doesn't even need to be explained of how it came about. Throughout the play, we see how the love collides with the hate in a way that teaches the two households how imbecilic the situation is. Not only has Shakespeare used elegant language, but he has also used a number of techniques to present the key themes. The prologue, something that is already usually written as a love poem, has been interpreted in many different ways and as I read the script, I even think of other ways it could be displayed. The Prologue is traditionally 14 lines long, each line holding roughly 10 syllables each. â€Å"Two households, both alike in dignity.† The Rhyming scheme is A, B, A, B, C, D, C, D, E, F, E, F, G, G (the last lines ending on a rhyming couplet). There are four sections in the Prologue (traditionally in a sonnet), but Shakespeare has written it in a particular way so that it can be broken down into three sections. The different sections establish different things. The first one introduces the setting of the play â€Å"In fair Verona (where we lay our scene)† This shows the Prologue as being some sort of a trailer for the play. The next section familiarizes the plot and also involves some conflict into the story: the hate of the two households mixed with the love of the two teenagers. â€Å"Doth with their death bury their parents' strife.† This automatically throws caution to the audience and turns Romeo and Juliet from a regular play, into a love tragedy. Shakespeare allegedly wrote 37 plays and they have been broken down into three categories: Comedy, Historical and Tragedy. Tragedy is very affective because of the dramatic effects that can be produced from it. Shakespeare was masterful at involving different dramatic effects through techniques. A key contrast of tragedy and comedy is that the tragedy's main characters are often portrayed as very heroic and selfless ones, as to add the sense of seriousness to the script, whereas with his comedy plays, this of course did not matter. One of Shakespeare's techniques can be easily found in the Prologue and is reoccurring in Act 1:1 is the use of Oxymorons. An oxymoron is a phrase, usually two words placed next to each other in a sentence where the two words are usually contradictory. Oxymoron is an oxymoron in itself, for the oxy is Greek for sharp and moron is Greek for dull. An example of an oxymoron in the Prologue is: â€Å"The fearful passage of their death-marked love† The final section of the Prologue states that the decease of the â€Å"star-crossed lovers† that are Romeo and Juliet is the only way to end the rivalry. â€Å"Which but their children's end nought could remove.† The final three lines of this tantalising opening to the play are talking directly to the audience: â€Å"The which if you with patient ears attend.† This enforces the idea of the Prologue being a trailer even more. The originally chorus spoken Prologue has been interpreted in many different ways. In Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 version, the film opens with the Prologue being narrated. This is delivered calmly, as to give the fight as more of an jolt to the audience afterwards. Baz Luhrmann first presents the Prologue as a news report. This gives off a modern day equivalent of the Prologue, showing instantly how Luhrmann has decided to direct the film. After the news report, the prologue is repeated as an over voice. The voice gives off the same omniscient feel as in Franco Zeffirelli's version as it has been placed in the hands of Friar Lawrence. This is a cleverly picked character, as it is one who has an alliance with God, and therefore appears even more Godly. The Prologue is such a crucial element to the script, as it outlines the entire play and foreshadows future events; therefore the way different productions have presented is very important. Act 1:1 starts with Samson and Gregory in `a public place`, acting jokily and being troublesome. This is apparent from when `two serving men` from the house of Montague enter. Different interpretations of the characters entrances symbolize what the directors see the characters as. In Luhrmann's version, the Montague's and Capulet's are described as the â€Å"boys† giving the sense that the rivalry and arguments of the two households are pretty petty and childish. The `Montague Boys` act in a childish way themselves, which creates a great contrast to the other, deadly serious half of the scene. It also makes a huge contrast to the Capulets when they enter. Their characters are shown as unsympathetic, merciless and ruthless men. Luhrmann again represents the modern day version by setting the fight in a petrol station. Zeffirelli's version is much more minimalist. The entire scene is set in a market, where Sampson and Gregory and striding through arrogantly. As the two households meet eyes, each character's obnoxiousness increases. â€Å"Do you bite your thumb at us, sir?† â€Å"I do bite my thumb, sir.† This quarrel between Abram and Sampson opens the argument, unraveling the entire scene. Benvolio (a Montague), enters an argument and as Tybalt confronts, the fight commences. It is soon called to a halt, as the Prince arrives and attempts to make himself heard. Again, in this speech, Shakespeare uses something similar to an oxymoron – an antithesis. This is where the opposite words aren't necessarily placed together. He uses this is in the first line of his speech: â€Å"Rebellious subjects, enemies to peace.† â€Å"Profaners of this neighbor-stained steel† This is referring to their swords. This measly attempt to end a fight that has developed so greatly has failed, and so he tries again. Here we find another technique of Shakespeare. â€Å"Purple fountains issuing from your veins† Here he has used `fountains` as a metaphor for blood. A fountain, where water is provided, water is a traditional symbol of the source of life, so a fountain of blood is now transformed into an image of horror. Shakespeare also describes the quarreling households as `beasts` to denote his anger and how confused he is of such beastliness of them (this emotion is greatly shared with Romeo later in the play). â€Å"Throw your mistemper'd weapons to the ground.† The weapons are â€Å"mistempered† in the sense that they are angry, that is, used by angry men. In the Prince's speech, we encounter the first talk of past encounters of Montague and Capulet: â€Å"Have thrice disturb'd the quiet of our streets.† The â€Å"disturbance† has prevented any peace for the two households, but throughout the entire play there is not any word of how the disturbance came about to begin with. However, there are clues as to what it could be. For example, there is a running theme of religion throughout the play, with the powerful character of Father Laurence and the religious attitudes of the households, with the church being a reoccurring set; could religion be the reason for the rivalry? When the fight had been calmed by the Prince and when the air was cleared, Lady Montague asked: â€Å"O where is Romeo? Saw you him today?† Romeo, one who has not been involved in this `quarrel` in anyway, is still pining over his current love: Rosaline. As Romeo enters the scene, he is filled with love. As he talks with Benvolio, thoroughly disappointed with the fight that had just occurred, through Shakespeare, oxymorons are reintroduced. Romeo does not comprehend the ongoing rivalry, the torment and hatred and so he says: â€Å"Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health† This is poetically used to contrast the household's violence to his love for Rosaline. As the plot moves on, the love for Rosaline is replaced by Juliet, where the love is much greater, and as the love grows, uncannily, the rivalry grows at the same scale. The theme of Romeo's hastiness is clear as he jumps from love to love, and again clear as he rushes into marriage with Juliet. Romeo and Juliet has such a big mixture of emotions because it has three excessive themes that all join in together ruining the paths of each character. These themes are: tragedy, romance and rivalry and they keep Shakespeare's most familiar tragedy one of the most interesting and enchanting script of all time.

Thesis Citation Recommendations

Thesis Citation Recommendations Thesis Citation Recommendations Citation is the process by which you give proper attribution to authors of materials you used to form a thesis. Without proper citation and corresponding bibliographical references listed at the end of a paper, you could be accused of plagiarism or unfounded/unsupported statements and conclusions. Experienced writers in Toronto and surrounding areas recommend the following steps: Writing Formats There are various writing styles and citation formats to consider: APA (American Psychological Association) MLA (Modern Language Association) Chicago Manual of Style /Turabian Harvard CBE (Council of Biology Editors) CGOS (Columbia Guide to Online Style) Check Your Citations Make sure your paper meets the necessary citation and reference list criteria: Are all references cited in the text? Are all the citations mentioned in the reference list? Are all entries in alphabetical and numerical order? Do reference list entries have basic, required information (e.g. author/s, publication year, title, page number, DOI Digital Object Identifier, URL, etc. ) Do the in-text citations with multiple authors have the correct number of names and use of â€Å"et al.† appropriately? Are the names of the authors spelled correctly (and use either full first name or first initial as required by the chosen style format)? Are the titles accurate? Do various papers written by the same author(s) have the proper use of â€Å"ibid.† or â€Å"op cit† in the in-text citations? Master Essay is an exceptional thesis writing service. You can request a Standard, Premium or Platinum quality paper from one our expert writers. Each member of our writing team can assist you with any assignment. Call for expert writing help in the GTA today at 1-800-573-0840.

Would it matter if religion disappeared by the end of the 21st century Essays

Would it matter if religion disappeared by the end of the 21st century Essays Would it matter if religion disappeared by the end of the 21st century Essay Would it matter if religion disappeared by the end of the 21st century Essay Religion has many effects on life and politics for example, people that follow one religion cant for example necessary eat the same food as somebody who doesnt follow any religion. This essay, will touch upon problems and benefits of following a religion, coming to a conclusion weather I think it would matter if religion disappeared by the end of the 21st century.Currently, there are many, many religions around the world, some such as Christianity (or similar religions) have literally billions of followers. Religion can, on one hand give followers strength and security within themselves; followers are involved in usually a large community of like-minded individuals.However, religion can also have a down side; followers can often be limited in their lives. For example, drinking, many religions ban drinking along with before marriage sex and also some food. Some times this is not a problem, because followers want to be as loyal to their religion as possible. But for others who do not get the choice of religion they follow may perhaps not agree with the limits.Religion can offer criminals an alternative, in Christianity; no matter what you have done, you can be forgiven. Criminals might perhaps return to crime if religion became a figment of our imagination in the following hundred years or so. Many prisons have an access a church or a prayer room of some kind, for this reason is why criminals often turn to a faith for forgiveness.However some activist religions believe that killings; such as a suicide bombing is a good thing. People are convinced by teachers or preachers that they will live forever in paradise if they complete such a killing. Said people are known as martyrs to the people of that particular religion.Arguments of faith can often spark, because of conflict of belief. Many people get persecuted of their religion every year. People are often too scared to stay in their own homes or even countries and flee to become citizens of another country, these people are known as asylum seekers.Personally, I feel that religion should be in the choice of the follower if they wish to further their beliefs. I think that so much controversy would arise if religion was totally gone, I dont see any point in trying to wipe it out. I feel that if people want to pursue a religion they should be able to without feeling worried of persecution, and even death because of their beliefs. I myself dont follow any religion, because I have no idea if there is on or several greater power(s). Perhaps the real question should be, is religion likely to disappear by the end of the 21st century, that way; a discussion of religious importance; and the stoppage of religious persecution could be ceased. At the end of the day, nobody could tell the future, who knows; tomorrow we could all be forced to join the Jedi religion!

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb, Ouvrir, Meaning to Open

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb, 'Ouvrir,' Meaning 'to Open' The French verb  ouvrir  means to open. It is  an  irregular  -ir  verb. Conjugating irregular French verbs can difficult for most students, but there is some good news: There are distinct patterns in the conjugations of  irregular -ir verbs, which French grammarians have anointed  le troisià ¨me groupe  (the third group).  So while  there are roughly 50 irregular French  -ir  verbs,  these shared patterns mean that you will only have to learn about 16 conjugations. Conjugating Irregular -ir verbs There are three groups of irregular  -ir  verbs. The verb  ouvrir falls into the second group, which  consists of verbs that end in  -llir,  -frir, or -vrir. Almost all are conjugated like  regular French  -er  verbs. In addition to ouvrir, this group includes the following verbs, plus their derivatives: Couvrir  Ã‚  to cover  Cueillir  Ã‚  to pick  Ã‚  Dà ©couvrir   to discoverEntrouvrir  Ã‚  to half-openOffrir  Ã‚  to offer  Recueillir   to collectRecouvrir   to recover, concealRouvrir   to reopen  Souffrir  Ã‚  to suffer Conjugating Ouvrir With regular  -ir  verb conjugations, the stem remains intact; in irregular  -ir  verb conjugations, by contrast, the stem does not remain intact throughout. The conjugations below include the  passà © composà ©, meaning the  perfect tense, and the  passà © simple, the simple past. The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is the most common French past tense, often used in conjunction with the  imperfect. The  passà © simple, which can also be translated into English as the preterite,  is also used alongside the  imperfect.  You will probably never need to use the  passà © simple, but it is important to recognize it, especially if you read many French  fiction or nonfiction works. Present Future Imperfect Present participle j ouvre ouvrirai ouvrais ouvrant tu ouvres ouvriras ouvrais il ouvre ouvrira ouvrait nous ouvrons ouvrirons ouvrions vous ouvrez ouvrirez ouvriez ils ouvrent ouvriront ouvraient Pass compos Auxiliary verb avoir Past participle ouvert Subjunctive Conditional Pass simple Imperfect subjunctive j ouvre ouvrirais ouvris ouvrisse tu ouvres ouvrirais ouvris ouvrisses il ouvre ouvrirait ouvrit ouvrt nous ouvrions ouvririons ouvrmes ouvrissions vous ouvriez ouvririez ouvrtes ouvrissiez ils ouvrent ouvriraient ouvrirent ouvrissent Imperative (tu) ouvre (nous) ouvrons (vous) ouvrez Verb conjugation pattern  Ouvrir is an irregular verb All French verbs that end in -frir or -vrir are conjugatedthis way. Using Ouvrir There is probably no better use for the word  ouvrir than during the holidays, especially at  Christmastime. Just as in the United States, Christmas is an important holiday in France, and the thought of opening presents brings great excitement. A common way to describe the festive time might be: Comme dans le reste du monde, les Franà §ais se rà ©unissent en famille autour du sapin de Noà «l, et souvent dune petite crà ¨che, et les enfants attendent que le Pà ¨re Noà «l soit passà © pour ouvrir les cadeaux le 25 au matin. This translates as: As in the rest of the world, the French gather around the Christmas tree, and often a little manger, and the children wait for Santa Claus to pass by so they can open presents on the morning of the 25th. Learning to use the verb  ouvrir, then, can help open doors to you as you discuss and take part in many French cultural discussions and celebrations.

The Corporate Giant WorldCom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Corporate Giant WorldCom - Essay Example As the E/R ratio imbalance kept increasing, the managers sought to cook the books so as to prevent investors and government from getting the consistent results. 1. Case Summary WorldCom, the Nation’s second largest long-distance Telecommunications Company filed for bankruptcy protection on July 21st, 2002 revealing that it had overstated earnings in 2001 and the first quarter of 2002 by more than $3.8 billion. Further on August 8th of the same year the company again admitted that it had maneuvered its reserve accounts also affecting another 3.8billion. Substantial accounting fraud was charged against the firm by the US Securities and Exchange Commission. The actual cause of the corporate failure lies with the enormous oversupply that could be attributed to excessively optimistic projections of Internet growth. Evidently, the company’s projections on expense-revenue ratio flawed as â€Å"the industry conditions began to deteriorate in 2000 due to heightened competition, overcapacity, and the reduced demand for telecommunications services at the onset of the economic recession† (Kaplan & Kiron, 2007). Subsequently, the stock market value of the firms in the telecommunication industry plunged and people at the WorldCom’s helm of affairs intervened in the accounting practices to conceal the actual trouble from the public. In short, what they did was that they transferred a considerable part of current expense to a capital account as the capitalized cost would normally be considered an investment. 2. What were the pressures that led executives and managers to â€Å"cook the books?† Evidently, the company struggled to maintain its E/R ratio since the first quarter of 2000 ‘while facing revenue and pricing pressures and its high committed line costs’ (Kaplan & Kiron, 2007). WorldCom had to spend beyond its capacity due to unnecessary acquisitions of other firms. In order to overweigh the short term loss, managers were as ked to spend exceedingly so as to raise immediate revenue. There was incessant pressure from the top. For instance, CFO Sullivan directly insisted Myers and Yates carry out his plans. And on the bottom line, individuals like Betty were forced to partake in accrual releases and capitalization of line costs. These were the situations in brief that made executives and managers to â€Å"cook the books. 3. Why were the actions taken by WorldCom managers not detected earlier? What processes or systems should be in place to prevent or detect quickly the types of actions that occurred in WorldCom? The company officials could qualify a considerable amount of costs as an investment in 2001 and the first quarter of 2002, and this could have allowed the company to spread the costs to subsequent years if Cooper had not come across the issue. Obviously, the incident indicates the prevailing pitfall in the US corporate governance. Evidently, audit firms have to make strategic amendments to their processes and procedures to detect frauds and errors in the account books of the client on time. WorldCom was indirectly supported by the Andersen accounting firm, who ignored the fact that the organization’s practices were apparently unethical. Only government can safeguard the interests of its citizens against unscrupulous business practices. Likewise, various service institutions particularly that of banking and accounting must keep themselves reliable and sustainable to prevent this kind of fraud in future.  

The Veteran Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Veteran - Essay Example The novice writer also thinks for him or herself thus, the tendency to create works that are primarily meant and suitable for the novice writer. With this information in mind, the novice writer is more of a narcissist or egocentric being, of which the writer remains unaware. The works remain difficult for the reader, as the information presented is well known to the writer; thus, there is no need to explain the ideas and terms used. This way, the novice creates compositions that leave out crucial information that includes footnotes and punctuations. The sentence structure does not vary much given that the goal is to generate and put ideas to paper for nearly personal consumption. It is from the above that the novice is termed as an unconscious writer creating compositions almost aimlessly and for egocentric satisfaction. In addition, ignorance plays a crucial role in defining a novice writer. This is in regard to structuring in compositions, such as paragraphs, which only feature non-strategically. Failure to proofread one’s works is also common, which puts the writer in a position where one is not even writing but holding a conversation with oneself, only with no form of feedback. On the other hand, a veteran writer bears the ability to reflect to conceive a situation in writing. In this regard, the writer’s compositions are meant for communication and have a deeper meaning. The inner meaning is meant to draw out the reaction of the reader, which brings out the difference between novice and veteran writers. This is due to their intentions and goal in writing, as well as the skill. The main goals for veteran writers are to communicate with readers and win them over by creating convincing ideas enough to capture attention, strong, concrete arguments and confident language. The above is as opposed to the writing behavior exhibited by novices. A veteran writer meets the desires of readers by giving making the time spent

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 76

Reflection - Essay Example It is vital to acknowledge that the elements of nature have a significant influence in stimulating an individual or a designer into accomplishing a given design task in a way that suits the demands of the respective environment. A substantial example that illustrates this fact is Thomas’ Seed Cathedrals located at the Expo Shanghai that is built to survive the forces of Mother Nature (Wujec et al. 91). As a recommended pillar in design, clarity of vision certainly helps in the creation of the world’s most spectacular designs that end up solving some of the oldest world’s snags in a postmodern way. Therefore, through â€Å"abductive reasoning† that Roger talks about, fresh and valuable ideas derived from experience laced with keen observation can ultimately solve the expected future complicated problems of the world. Even as some stakeholders in the design industry brag of the availability of a defined process of design, it is apparent that the steps taken by individual designers in coming up with their designs are exceptionally unique. If the story behind the artists of the Shanghai Tower, who emphasized on the efficiency and later delivered a spectacular structure is anything to go by, then there are many aspects beyond processes that come to play. Indeed, making such a remarkable design and implementing it fruitfully does not only demand a defined design process, but a combination of collaborative, fiscal and technical acrobatics (Wujec et al. 133). The fact that individual designers differ significantly in various aspects evidence that their personal talents and unique vision could be the two elements that dictate how far they excel in design. The postulation does not, however, disallow the use of defined processes in undertaking design work. Designers must acknowledge certain standard processes in design. As evidenced by the contemporary developments in the field of design. They should embrace the precedence set by Zaha Hadid

Quality of Women's Lives after Retirement Research Paper

Quality of Women's Lives after Retirement - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the participation of women in the workforce is considered as a modern breakthrough. Working in offices, factories, and other forms of workplaces have become the major activities of women. Indeed, the increased economic value of women has improved countries. Some women became political leaders and were in the forefront of shaping the new society. Others have continued to improve their overall value in the society. Because of these improvements, women have enjoyed improved quality of life. The income earned by women has allowed easy access to basic necessities and other forms of luxuries. This report explores that the determination of life quality is approached subjectively. Most individuals contend that quality is tantamount to contentment. Others believe that the quality of life is dependent on the holistic perception that is developed on individuals. Specifically, the quality of life seen among retired 75 year old women requires several discussions. Women who are bracketed in the mentioned group marginally comprise the population of the society. Despite this fact, discussing the quality of life that the group of women has provides interesting results. It is expected that views on this issue will be different. Varying perceptions are critical in comprehending the entire picture. The impetus of this study extends beyond the determination of life quality observed among retired women aged 75 and above.... 1.1. Statement of the Problem The determination of life quality is approached subjectively. Most individuals contend that quality is tantamount to contentment. Others believe that the quality of life is dependent on the holistic perception that is developed on individuals. Specifically, the quality of life seen among retired 75 year old women requires several discussions. Women who are bracketed in the mentioned group marginally comprise the population of the society. Despite this fact, discussing the quality of life that the group of women has provides interesting results. It is expected that views on this issue will be different. Varying perceptions are critical in comprehending the entire picture. In light of this discussion, the following questions will be addressed: 1. How is contentment viewed by retired women who are in the age of 75 and above 2. What are the different aspects that contribute to the identification of life quality 3. Are there differences in which the aspects affect the quality of life as determined by the respondents 4. How does their current state affect the perception of women in relation to the quality of their lives 1.2. Purpose of the Study The impetus of this study extends beyond the determination of life quality observed among retired women aged 75 and above. Primarily, the study will explore the different aspects that affect the views on the quality of life. First, the physical state of women included in the study is a primary indicator of life quality. Good physical condition indicates that the quality of life is also good. Wellness is an important aspect that determines the quality of life. Second, the economic activity of retired women is serves as a vital indicator of life quality. After retirement, women are provided with

Letter to parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letter to parents - Essay Example I plan purposefully the learning outcomes that should be achieved for each child and accordingly I design and deliver instruction. These types of instructions help to achieve the desired learning outcome without changing the curriculum and potential of every student can be achieved. Struggling students and gifted or above-average students both have different needs and can definitely make progress with differentiated learning activities without their realization. They do not feel isolated and this also invariably develops sense of belonging. This teaching strategy helps to reach, teach and develop all my students. It is important to know the child as an individual and learner. To recognize pupil’s diverse background intentional efforts are made like calling each one by respective name, observing each one carefully, and establishing two way conversation, etc. Differentiate instructions involve content, product and process differentiation. Since each child’s ability and apprehension is different, the depth and complexity of the content is varied by offering multiple options. I emphasises on dynamic group culture in the classroom so that each pupil has opportunity to enhance the knowledge in similar as well as different settings. The composition of the group is varied depending upon the purpose. This process differentiation of dynamic groups fosters cooperative and collaborative skills among children. This ensures that student can work at their own level and simultaneously make progress in varied skill sets and interests. Also, I love to make my students more independent and therefore, every time they are engaged in different and stimulating learning activities. I also give many examples, stories & illustrations as well as multiple methods for the students who need assistance to explain certain concepts. To nurture natural but inten tional learning, type of poems, songs, finger plays, vocabulary building games,

Quality of Women's Lives after Retirement Research Paper

Quality of Women's Lives after Retirement - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the participation of women in the workforce is considered as a modern breakthrough. Working in offices, factories, and other forms of workplaces have become the major activities of women. Indeed, the increased economic value of women has improved countries. Some women became political leaders and were in the forefront of shaping the new society. Others have continued to improve their overall value in the society. Because of these improvements, women have enjoyed improved quality of life. The income earned by women has allowed easy access to basic necessities and other forms of luxuries. This report explores that the determination of life quality is approached subjectively. Most individuals contend that quality is tantamount to contentment. Others believe that the quality of life is dependent on the holistic perception that is developed on individuals. Specifically, the quality of life seen among retired 75 year old women requires several discussions. Women who are bracketed in the mentioned group marginally comprise the population of the society. Despite this fact, discussing the quality of life that the group of women has provides interesting results. It is expected that views on this issue will be different. Varying perceptions are critical in comprehending the entire picture. The impetus of this study extends beyond the determination of life quality observed among retired women aged 75 and above.... 1.1. Statement of the Problem The determination of life quality is approached subjectively. Most individuals contend that quality is tantamount to contentment. Others believe that the quality of life is dependent on the holistic perception that is developed on individuals. Specifically, the quality of life seen among retired 75 year old women requires several discussions. Women who are bracketed in the mentioned group marginally comprise the population of the society. Despite this fact, discussing the quality of life that the group of women has provides interesting results. It is expected that views on this issue will be different. Varying perceptions are critical in comprehending the entire picture. In light of this discussion, the following questions will be addressed: 1. How is contentment viewed by retired women who are in the age of 75 and above 2. What are the different aspects that contribute to the identification of life quality 3. Are there differences in which the aspects affect the quality of life as determined by the respondents 4. How does their current state affect the perception of women in relation to the quality of their lives 1.2. Purpose of the Study The impetus of this study extends beyond the determination of life quality observed among retired women aged 75 and above. Primarily, the study will explore the different aspects that affect the views on the quality of life. First, the physical state of women included in the study is a primary indicator of life quality. Good physical condition indicates that the quality of life is also good. Wellness is an important aspect that determines the quality of life. Second, the economic activity of retired women is serves as a vital indicator of life quality. After retirement, women are provided with

How convincing is Porter's model of national competitive advantage in Essay - 1

How convincing is Porter's model of national competitive advantage in explaining the workings and achievements of major nation - Essay Example The claims are based on the total percentage of the entire exports across the entire globe and their relation to the three nations (Hill, 2009). This is an evidence of how Porter created a convincing analysis on his view on national competitiveness. In explaining the national business systems, Porter analyses national business systems by reviewing their input in the global market. He argues that the more exports a nation make the more significance it has in the global market(Thompson, 2004).This way of reviewing national business systems is preferable when comparing the output of nations in the global market. According to Thompson (2004) this method may be however, biased since not all national business systems are based on exports. The author further argues that they are nations with greater G.D.Ps and have very stable economic systems and they have less input in the international market (Thompson, 2004). In using porter’s way of analysis such nations lacks the international standard of competitive advantage. This assumption has created a Porter system that only recognizes the financial stable nations on the global market (Uchida & Cook, 2005). Porter uses the national diamond to show the influence of nations to their local companies. The influence and pressure from a nation will be a great determinant on whether or not the organizations attain an international competitive advantage. Nations provide support and resources to specific countries which then generate outstanding products and income. However, analysts argue that this diamond structure is usually biased depending on mutual agreement by both parties. For instance, an organization may enter into a deal with a government to share a certain percentage of their profits in exchange for support and resources. In such a scenario the market becomes unbalanced (Smit, 2010). However, this strategy is used by states to strengthen their international market significance. In an argument by Smit (2010) the g reater the significance in the international market the greater income through partnerships and revenues. The author further argues that, state governments use the national diamond to help the nation gain greater competitive advantage in the international market. This automatically raises the economic status of an organization. In support of the national diamond strategy, Porter claims that it improves specialization and the quality of goods produced in a country (Schott, 2004). He gave an example with Denmark and its influence in the global market in terms of export of insulin. The Danish government has significantly alleviated the production of insulin and treatment of diabetes in the country. It has provided resources, diplomatic and economic support for this project (Peng, 2009). The impact of this move is significant to the whole industry. Denmark is the leading exporter of insulin in the globe. Minus the support from the government this achievement would not have been possible (Peng, 2009). In Holland there is a premier research institute which focuses on cultivation, shipping and packaging of flowers. This project is almost a sole project of the Holland government that is supplied with resources and labor from the body. After this intervention Holland has become the leading exporter of flowers in the globe (Salvatore, 2002). This shows how great significance government support is on an organization. However, Porter

Relationships Between Society and Religion Essay Example for Free

Relationships Between Society and Religion Essay The relationship between religion and society has provided the focus for some of the greatest works of sociology (one thinks of Durkheim, Pareto, and Weber, as well as Marx and Parsons). Samuel Delbert, a Canadian sociologist, rebelled against what he saw as the static concerns of American sociologists, trained his eyes on the process of social change, and placed the study of religion as a major item on the agenda of social analysis in Canada. In three important works, Clark argues that the changing structure of religious organization provided a measure of the pace and character of social change. Clark undoubtedly made the study of religion an important topic in Canadian sociology. At the same time, however, his work intended to limit the range of sociological concerns by linking the study of religion to questions of the forms of religious organization and politics (Artibise, 1990). The Essence of Religion In order to further understand the context between the relationship between religion and society, it becomes clear only after we have determined the basic essence of religion, that which is common to them all. Many different attempts to conceptualize the essence of religions have been made. These definitions usually reflect the viewpoint of the defining subject more than the essence of the defined object. When, for instance, Immanuel Kant defines religion as the â€Å"fulfillment of all of our duties as divine commands,† this doesn’t reflect the essence of religion which is concerned with a completely different sphere, but rather the rationalistic standpoint of Kant, for whom religion is essentially theonomic ethics. Often the essence of a specific historical religion is held up as the ideal and norm for all religion (Mensching, 1976). Prophecy presupposes a relationship between religion and society that conflicts profoundly with established religion. Established religion sees religion as the sacred ideology of the established social order. It is the â€Å"handmaiden† of the ruling class. It pronounces the established social order to be created by God and to be a reflection of the divine will (Riemer, 1996). The Founding Fathers In their sociological writing, Marx, Weber, and Durkheim were responding to the economic and social changes of the 19th and early 20th centuries, timely more often than not by the disastrous effects that fleeting industrialization had imposed on the European community of which they were sector. The course of religion could scarcely be averted with this foundation, for religion was seen as an important area of the society that seemed to be shifting beyond identification. By at least a period, Karl Marx (1818-83) predates the other. There are known two important factors in the Marxist thoughts on religion: The first is descriptive, the second evaluative. His dependent variable is religion; in other words, its structure and nature are liable on social and most importantly economic relations, which constitute the foundation of social examination. It can never be understood separate from the economic form and the association of the capitalist or worker to the basis of formulation. The second factor connects from this however, has an assessing component. Religion is said to be a form of indifference or alienation; it is a symptom of social malformation which disguises the exploitative relationships of capitalist society. Religion persuades people that such relationships are natural and, therefore, acceptable. It follows that the real causes of social distress cannot be tackled until the religious element in society is stripped away to reveal the injustices of the capitalist system; everything else is a distraction. Subsequent debates concerning Marx/s approach to religion have to be approached with care. It has become increasingly difficult to distinguish between (a) Marx’s own analysis of religious phenomena, (b) a subsequent school of Marxism as a form of sociological thinking, and (c) what has occurred in the twentieth century in the name of Marxism as a political ideology. The essential and enduring point to grasp from Marx himself us that religion cannot be understood apart from the world of which it is a part; this is a crucial sociological insight and central to the evolution of the sub discipline. It needs, however, to be distinguished from an over deterministic interpretation of Marx that postulates the dependence of religion on economic forces in mechanical terms; this is unhelpful. The final point is more political. It may indeed be the case that one function of religion is to mitigate the very evident hardships of this world and so disguise them.

Benefits Of Multinational Corporations In Developing Countries Economics Essay

Benefits Of Multinational Corporations In Developing Countries Economics Essay Low economic growth rates, obsolete technology, less capital, high unemployment rate and poor standard of living are the characteristics of developing countries. According to UNCTAD (2008), these countries usually invest 3 to 4 % of their GDP against estimated 7 to 9% annually in infrastructure which in results into gap in current volume of investments. This is where Multinational Corporations (MNC) maximizes their benefits by investing in host developing countries through their technological and other assets advantage.  These corporations are usually large firms operating in imperfect market to open up new sources of information and knowledge and broaden the options of strategic moves which make the company competing with its home and global competitors. In the 19th  century, the newly emerged capitalist in developed Europe started to invest in less developed countries of the world including United States. This gave rise to Multinational enterprise in those countries particularly held by France, Germany, Britain and Holland. A multinational enterprise is an enterprise that engages in foreign direct investment and owns or, in some way, controls value-added activities in more than one country (Dunning Lundan 2008). These firms have substantial direct investment in foreign countries and manage their operations both strategically and organizationally. Examples of MNCs include American Express, Wal-Mart, IBM, Hitachi and Unilever. About 85% of worlds automobiles, 70% of computers and 65% of soft drinks are produced and marketed by MNCs. According to World Development Report, about 450 companies with annual revenues in excess of $1billion account for over 80% of the total investment made by all companies outside their home countries. One of the traditional motives for companies to invest abroad was the need to  secure key supplies  such as Standard Oil interested to open up new fields in the Middle East, Canada and Venezuela which turned out to be largest emerging MNCs of 19th  century. Companies like Nestle, Ford and Bayer expanded internationally mainly in search of new market due to insufficient support from their small home markets compare to the technology and volume-intensive manufacturing process they pursue. In 1984, Nike shutdown its last US factory and shifted companys total production to the cheap labour in Asia to have access to  low-cost factors of production.   Apart from labour,  lower-cost capital  also became a strong traditional cause for internationalization such as subsidies from host countries government. These driving traditional factors push companies mainly from the US Europe to become Multinational Corporations. According to the World Investment Report 2002, the overall val ue-added of ExxonMobil in 2000 was $63 billion and the value-added GDP of Chile was $71 billion in 2000. According to Professor Vernon, companies developed a much richer foundation for their international operations as the global business environment became more complex and complicated. As MNCs established international sales and production operations, their strategy became more integrated in global sense. The first new first emerging set of forces were the rising economies of scale, expanding RD investments and shortening product life cycles which became necessary for firms to survive in those businesses. Global scanning and learning was the second factor that often became essential to a firms global strategy to enhance their technological or marketing advantage. Lastly, it became evident that firms started to bring competitive positioning as the third factor for internationalization by cross-subsidization of markets.  This clearly evaluate firms were rarely driven by a single motivation factor. According to Dunnings eclectic paradigm, multinational enterprises must meet three prerequisites for their existence. Firstly, foreign countries must offer certain location-specific advantages to motivate MNCs to invest there. Secondly, in order to counteract or match with some strategic capabilities with foreign markets, the company must provide a unique strategic competencies or ownership-specific advantages. Lastly, company must have some internalization advantages or organizational capabilities to earn good returns from leveraging its strategic strengths internally rather than externally through licenses or contracts. Companies like Wal-Mart entered in UK by buying supermarket chain ASDA with high-commitment-high-control mode of operating. Amazon.com, for example, uses same approach in Canada by managing its website control from the United States and securing reliable Canadian postal service for order fulfilment. Dragon multinationals from developing countries like Asia Pacific succeed regardless of limited primary resources, skills and knowledge, and social capital. In the era of state-driven development, these firms often internationalized to avoid extreme regulation at their home countries. Their main driver was to search for new markets and technological innovation by using strategies of linkage, leverage and learning. According to World Investment Report 2004, few top Dragon multinationals from developing economies are Hutchison Whampoa (Hong Kong), Singtel (Singapore), Petronas (Malaysia) and Cemex (Mexico). In the light of the degree of commitment and risk involved, set against the level of control and closeness of market, there are range options available for firms looking to internationalise its operations. The firm can choose range as per their growth of experience and degree of commitment to operate globally. Exporting is the first stage where firms can enter international business. It involves selling goods or services from one country to another in two ways. Technic group a UK based tyre making company developed its overseas business by arranging exclusive distribution agreements in each country for the two brands it manufactured which is direct exporting. Flymo a medium-sized British lawnmower making company shifted its overseas business from a distribution to more direct control to think long term for its own export success. This is an example of indirect exporting. Licensing is another stage where firms enter foreign market by providing license to a host countries firm to utilize or sell intellectual property in exchange for financial returns. A major potential drawback in any licensing is when the agreement between the two firms comes to an end; the licensor firm may stand up as a potential powerful competitor. In 1969, the French magazine Elle granted a license for a Japanese version to a local firm, Mag House to sell its magazine. But the Japanese version advanced beyond the original concept and the contract was void in 1988.Franchising is a phenomenal growing form of licensing for firms to internationalize their operations abroad. In UK, franchise accounts for 10% of retail sales with expected increase to 25-30% in coming years. Benetton is a good example whose shop grew from 0 to 650 in US in five years by providing franchisee to firms who can use companys marketing benefit as a well known trademark against agreed payments and systems of c ontrol. But many problems are associated with franchising which revoke a franchise and end up being very costly. Due to failure of operating 14 outlets according to McDonalds standards, company had to withdraw the license of its largest franchisee in France. In the post-war period, there has been substantial growth in joint venture activity which is the second stage strategies for firms operating internationally. The General Motors Toyotas joint venture NUMMI is an equity joint venture with a separate legal personality which operates in US with an agreed life of 12 years in the initial agreement for long term commitments. Another type of business venture between firms where no separate legal personality is formed is described as contractual join venture. Here firms will assist and share the risks and rewards of the collaboration in a clear specific ways. British Aerospace and Taiwan Aerospace in 1993 agreed to set up a joint venture for the manufacture of a regional jet aircraft. This enabled British Aerospace to shift some of its final assembly work to Taiwan to access lower labour costs. However, due to potential conflicts between partners can lead to the termination of the co-operation agreement such as operational disagreements or d isagreements over use and requisition of profits. Firms can also internationalize through other contractual forms of international business such as management contracts, turnkey operations, contract manufacturing and countertrade. According to Financial Times report (1992), Canadas Four Seasons Hotels will under take management of five Japanese Regent International hotels under an agreement becoming worlds largest operator of luxury hotels. But one of the top stage strategies for firms becoming multinational enterprise is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) where firm is seeking high growth of experience with high degree long-term commitment. FDI has been defined as the acquisition or establishment of profit-generating assets in a host country over which the investing firm has control. According to Financial Times report (1989), Bosch a company from West Germany decided to invest  £100 million on a production facility in Miskin, north west Cardiff in order to produce high technology car alternators. The decision got finalized due to l ower labour cost in Britain compared to Germany and availability of Welsh labour force who demonstrated its keenness and flexibility to adapt at Japanese transplants. But there limitations for FDI such as the security of fixed and liquid investments, the business units economic feasibility, and ability to move currency freely inside and outside of the host country. Despite these limitations, countries like US and UK had the largest stock of outward FDI in 1991 i.e. $385 billion and $226 billion respectively. Due to the emergence and the growth of the MNCs, there have been massive changes in the world economy. The scopes of MNCs operations in the number of host countries and all kind of strategic alliances have expanded. Also, there have been remarkable changes in the relations with home and host governments as well as with international governmental and non-governmental organizations.

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay -- Civil Rights Act of 1964

Within our daily lives we encounter multiple people who make an impact on us. They influence us to be better at what we do and show us that having an opinion helps us stand out from others. Throughout life we encounter these individuals and learn about past people who have had a great effect on people showing us what a true hero is. The late Martin Luther King Jr. is a hero in the eyes of people due to the fact that he spoke his mind as a social activist, risked his life to end segregation, and stood up for what he believed was right during the civil rights movement. Overall he was a hero for the common race. Martin Luther King Jr. grew up in Atlanta, Georgia and developed into a well-mannered and highly educated individual with the multiple accomplishments he fulfilled. He earned his doctorates degree at the young age of twenty-five and became pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. He soon became a member of the committee of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. He began to prepare himself to execute his leadership of the first great Negro nonviolent demonstration in the United States, the bus boycott. Martin Luther King Jr. gathered many people to show that all races are equal and that all people deserve to be treated as so. His leadership and organization of his first major activism shows man who he was a dedicated individual in giving every human an equal opportunity to change the life that surrounded them. â€Å"Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter" (Martin Luther King Jr.). The Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional of segregation on buses and abolished the law. The fact that he had the ability to show people they can make a... ...im a hero due to the fact that he put aside his own life to better the many lives around himself. The Hero Hall of Fame would become that more complete with Dr. King included in it because years after his death he is the most widely known African American leader of his era. "In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends" (Martin Luther King Jr.). Works Cited "Biography." Martin Luther King -. Nobel Lectures. Web. 07 Mar. 2012. . Lombardi, Esther. "Martin Luther King, Jr.,Quotes." About.com Classic Literature. About.com.Web.07Mar.2012. . "Martin Luther King Jr.." 2012. Biography.com 07 Mar 2012, 11:37 http://www.biography.com/people/martin-luther-king-jr-9365086

Foundations to Human Development

Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Michelle Braig BSHS/325 March 18, 2013 Joyce Mink There are three foundations of human development. The foundations are the biological development, psychological development, and social development. The concept of human diversity and cultural competences demonstrates how different people can be. General systems theory and social order are connected in some way. . There are several incidents or situations that can affect a person physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally.Some of the biological aspects include problematic pregnancy, fetal development and prenatal care. Problems can occur right at the time of conception. There are test that can be done to determine if a fetus can have a life altering conditions. There are many factors that can affect the developmental process. Having the knowledge of the developmental milestones can better help the human service professional with helping and understanding their client. The re are guides to give the information needed for each milestone that a child should reach by a certain age (Zastro and Kirst-Ashman, 2010).Understanding the biological development will help a person to understand the physiological dimensions because they work together in understanding the human development. Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. Personality, self-concept, emotion, and cognition are parts of the human psychological development (Zastro and Kirst-Ashman, 2010). They psycho-dynamic theory, Neo-Freudian psychoanalytic theory, phenomenological theory, and feminist theories are some of the theories that may help explain the way personalities are developed.These theories can help the human service professional understand why people are the way they are. These theories can be used as a guideline for getting the information needed for helping out a client. The base for building an adult social personality begins with the social interaction of a child. Socialization is when an individual learns about the environment around him or her. They will learn the language, behavior, customs, and rules. The individual will meet social standards so that he or she can do will in society.Socialization normally begins in childhood. A child’s family is usually where a child can learn most of their socialization skills. Social development is important for an individual to have a personality that is unique to that individual (Zastro and Kirst-Ashman, 2010). Human diversity means that everyone is different in some way. Age, sexual orientations, language, style, religion, physical abilities, height, communication, and gender are just some of the ways that an individual can be different from another.Human diversity is what makes one person different from another (Zastro and Kirst-Ashman, 2010). Cultural competence is where a person is able to adjust to different cultures over a period of time. As helpers we need to be able to help everyone respectfully and effectively. Culture is the integrated pattern of human behavior that includes actions, communications, thoughts, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of a racial, ethnic, religious, or social group.Culture can also include, race, ethnicity, national origin, and migration background; sex, gender, gender identity, or gender expression; sexual orientation and marital or partner status; age and socioeconomic class; religious and political belief or affiliation. People should understand that certain cultures have different ways of expressing themselves. In is considered rude to spit in public without covering your mouth in Japan. In some cultures burping out loud is a way to say that the food was good.It is important for a human service professional to learn about different cultures so that they will not offend their clients or coworkers. The general systems theory proposes to explain why there is an underlying intelligible general order in the world to which all matter relates a nd the existing social order is a subset of the general order (Dale, 2009). A systematic way of thinking helps to understand the individual by understanding the whole person. General systems theory affected the way we think by providing new vocabulary for all different types of people.The general systems theory is a group of ideas based on order and used in a similar way that science is used. The general systems theory is a way to find the understanding of a human as a whole by using the process of elimination to gain knowledge through order. The social order is a part of the way social services is handled today. The social order consists of nine aspects that go order of a hierarchy. These are a part of the general systems theory. The biological, psychological, and social developments are all normal milestones that happen with a person.Most are learned and developed as a child grows into an adult. All three developments work together to help create the individuals. All individuals a re different in some way. It is important to understand cultural differences. The general systems theory and social order both work with some kind of order. Reference * Zastro, C. and Kirst-Ashman, K. 2010 Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment (8th ED. ) * Dale, Human Behavior and the Social Environment: Social Systems Theory (6th ED. ) * http://www. ntocc. org/Portals/0/PDF/Resources/CulturalCompetence. pdf

Lesson Plan for Social Studies Class Grades 9-12

UnitSocial Studies:   The Civil War — Emancipation ExperienceObjectiveThrough this lesson, the students will be able to:  1. Given a particular situation, recognize the period of history portrayed following the inquiry period.  2.   Given a particular scenario, distinguish groups after the inquiry period.  3.   Study and come into contact with changeable emotions of every group.  4.   Examine and differentiate the differences in the lifestyle of every group.  5.   Assume/imagine and identify with what life was like for Americans during that period.RationaleHardly any event in mankind can measure up to the damage and destruction of war.   However, nearly every generation of man cannot break away from its ongoing reality. Our country has also had its won share of experiences of war. Ever since our origin, with the American Revolutionary War, our country has already been at war.   In addition, in our 200 plus years of survival there was one war that cannot be matched up to to any other war when measured in terms of devastation and American loss of lives — the American Civil War.   Just like any civil war there is no winner- just a loser, as losses on both sides make up the entire loss of that nation.   This lesson will try to look at the changes that occurred in the lives of Americans that were the outcome of this catastrophic war.Therefore, the rationale of this inquiry lesson is to provide students an affective encounter of the pre and post American Civil War incident on Americans- both Whites and Blacks (or northerners and southerners).ContentGroup activity using charts and internalizing the role of each groups involved in the Civil War.Procedures1.   By means of random, divide class into three (3) groups- A, B, C according to size.Group A (Slaves)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1/4 of classGroup B (S. Whites)   1/4 of classGroup C (N. Whites)   1/2 of classNote:   Don’t inform the class what every group stand f or.2.   Then instruct every member to name themselves utilizing a marker and a piece of tape.   It must be visible.3.   Move desks apart from each other and split the classroom in half.   Break up the room by means of putting tape on the floor.   Area I will be shared by Groups A and B.   Next, move desks so that 1/4 of area I is free of desks and chairs and then put newspapers on the floor.   This area must be surrounded with tape.  4.   Next, show Chart I to all the groups and inform them regarding each group's location, food allotment, and movement as shown below:Chart IGroup  Ã‚   Location  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Food Allotted  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   MovementA  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sit on newspapers  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Plate of broken crackers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   NoneB  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sit on chair in area I or II  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Plate of whole crackers  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Full (everywhere in the      classroomC  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sit on chair in area I or II  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Plate of whole crackers     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Full (everywhere in the  classroom)  5.   Start conducting Part I for a period of 5-10 minutes.   Guide groups to their own location, their capability to move without restraint or none at all, and provide every group either whole or broken crackers on a plate to be shared with that group.   Allow member of just groups B and C speak without restraint to one another.   But let every group speak to each other.  6.   End Part I.   Show Chart II to the class, which contain as follows:Chart IIGroup  Ã‚   Location Food Allotted      MovementA  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chairs      Plate of broken crackers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Shaded areaB  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chairs       Plate of broken crackers  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Area I onlyC  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chairs       Plate of whole crackers  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Area II only7.   After showing Chart II, direct the class to start conducting Part II for a period of five (5) minutes. At this time, movement or talking between groups B and C is prohibited since they should stay put in their particular areas (I or II). Then, take out 1/2 the members from group B and put them into a neutral corner where they would not be able to eat, speak, or move from their chairs.8.   End Part II.   After the Part II activity, show Chart III explain to the class as follows:Chart IIIGroup  Ã‚   Location         Food Allotted  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   MovementA  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chairs                  Plate of whole crackers  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   FullB  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chairs                  None   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   FullC  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chairs                  Plate of whole crackers  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Full9.   After showing chart III, you can start conducting Part III for a period of five (5) minutes.   Guide students just like what was done in Part I and Part II consistent with what is instructed in Chart III.   Remove the shaded area.   Do away with all tape placed on the floor.   The groups can now freely move.   But, Group B merely receives broken crackers.10.     End Part III and the whole activity.   Arrange the room to bring it back to its original order.MaterialsMasking tape, pen markers, chart paper/chalk board, newspapers, 5 packages saltines/crackers, and 3 paper plates.AssessmentAt the end of the activity, ask the students the following questions to assess their feelings and reactions about the act ivity:1.  Ã‚   What can you say about this activity? Did you like it? If yes, why? If no, why not?2.   How did you feel about being in Group A, B, or C?3.   In your opinion, how did the groups differ from each other?4.   What do you think was the best group to be in?   How about the worst group to be in?5.   What primary event in American History did this simulation describe?Answer:   The American Civil War.  6.   Who do you think did each group stand for?Answer:   Group A. represented the Black SlavesGroup B symbolized the White SouthernersGroup C stood for the White Northerners7.   What do you think did the headings in the charts symbolized?Answer:   Location (floor or chairs) represented social statusFood Alloted (either whole or broken crackers) symbolized economic statusMovement (either full or restrained) symbolized political status8.   In your opinion, what did Parts I, II, III stood for?Answer:   Part I stood for the Pre Civil War periodPart II. r epresented the Civil War era  Part III represented the Post Civil War period9.   Consistent with the headings of the charts and what they symbolized, what can you say or notice about every group?Example:   Compared to Groups B & C, Group A was instructed to sit on the floor  Ã‚  Ã‚   symbolizing a lower social status, they also had to eat broken crackers representing a lower economic status, and were just limited to move in a particular area. Thus, Group A stood for the Black Slaves of the South.   The, take note of the change in Group's A status from Part I to Part III depicting the changes from the Pre to the Post Civil War period.Meanwhile, for Group B, in Part I, they were instructed to sit on chairs and eat whole crackers and also to move freely. Hence, it can be said that these activities symbolized good, economic, social, and political status.   Nevertheless, in Part II they had be restricted to move outside of Area I since battle lines were established between th e North and South. .Moreover, the South survived extreme devastation and destruction since most of the war happened there.   This was represented when half of the group was pulled out and placed into a neutral area.   Then, in Part III, social and political status were recovered as movement was not restricted and chairs were utilized.   But their economic status turned negative, as symbolized by broken crackers because it experienced devastation and destruction of its factories and cities.   Moreover, due to the closure of plantations and freedom of slaves, agriculture transformed and changed drastically.Then for Group C, all throughout the three parts (I, II, & III), they enjoyed good economic, political, and social status since the war happened on southern soil thus the northern property was not destroyed.Rubric:Group Learning ActivityRubric A: ProcessExceptional Admirable Acceptable Amateur  Exceptional Admirable Acceptable Amateur Group Participation Every member activ ely participate At least  ¾ of the members enthusiastically participate At least half of the members share their ideas Only one or two members enthusiastically participate Shared Responsibility Responsibility for task is equally shared among members Most group members share the responsibility Only  ½ of the group members share the responsibility The members depend only one member Quality of Interaction Members display excellent leadership and listening skills;   in their discussions, members display awareness   and knowledge of other's ideas and opinions s During interaction, members exhibit   adeptness; active  discussion and interaction focuses on the task  Members display some capability to interact; members listen attentively; there is some proof of discourse or  alternativeThere is only little interaction; members converse briefly; some  students show disinterest Roles within the Group every member was assigned a  distinctly specified role; the  group memb ers execute  roles successfully and effectively every member was assigned a  role, however, roles are not clearly  specified or systematically  followed.Members were given roles to perform, however, roles were not  consistently followed.  No effort was shown to assign roles to every group member ReferencesCommager, H.   (1982). The Story of the Civil War as Told by Participants.   Fairfax Press,   Ã‚  Ã‚   1982.Jasmine, J. (1993) Portfolios and Other Assessments. California: Teacher Created   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Materials.Rubistar.   Create Your Rubric.   Retrieved April 29, 2006 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://rubistar.4teachers.orgSass, E.   Social Studies Lesson Plans and Resources.   Retrieved April 29, 2006 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/edsoc.htm

International Terrorism – the World’s Greatest Challenge Today

Today the threat of terrorism is becoming more and more serious. Terrorism is considered the greatest threat against the safety of the world, and especially the USA, today. The extent of the terrorism has increased significantly over the last couple of years, since the terrorist attacks against the US on the 11th of September 2001. After these attacks former president of the US, George Bush declared a war against terrorism. There are various opinions about what can be defined as terrorism. Because there are so many situations that can be defined as terrorism, it is be very difficult to find an exact definition. Many countries have different definitions, and the definitions have also changed over the years. Not even the UN has managed to agree about one common definition. In short we can say that terrorism is some sort of attack at civilians to achieve a political goal. Terrorism has existed for many centuries, but in the last couple of years the attacks have become more extensive and the devastations has become greater. In the future scientists expect that the terrorists will carry out actions with weapons of mass destruction such as chemical, radiological and biological weapons. The war on terrorism is a global campaign led by the USA. The goal is to fight international groups that are considered to be terroristic. They especially focus on radical Islamic terror groups, such as the Al-Qaida. Today the war on terrorism goes on in countries such as Afghanistan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Iraq, and Israel. Many human rights organizations have criticized the war on terrorism because they think it in many cases can lead to violations of the human rights. Around the globe there are various terrorist organizations, all with different goals and reasons for their terrorist-activities. The most known group today might be the Al – Qaida which origins form Afghanistan, but has become an international organization. The Al-Qaida became known after the terrorist actions on the 11th of September 2001 when 4 airplanes were hijacked. Two of them were flown into the two main buildings of the World Trade centre in New York. One airplane was crashed into the Pentagon, and the last airplane crash-landed in a field in Pennsylvania. After these attacks the USA decided to attack Afghanistan. The leader of Al-Qaida is Osama Bin Laden who has been hiding from the US troops ever since the war started. The reasons for Al-Qaida’s actions are based on the Islamic â€Å"Sharia† – laws. They want to fight the states they consider a threat against Islam, and especially the USA and Israel. The Al-Qaida leaders encourage all Muslims to kill American citizens, both military and civilians. We can separate the terrorist actions into two main groups; local and international terrorism. Local terrorism consists of actions such as suicide missions, car bombings and so on. International terrorism is actions where the citizens and/or territory of several countries are affected. There are many situations that can lead to the use of terrorism. Terrorism can occur in both poor as well as wealthy countries, and in both democracies and states under different kinds of dictatorship. However, terrorism is most likely to occur in countries that are characterized by poverty and oppression. People in poor countries might feel like they are subjected to an unfair distribution of the world’s wealth. Poverty is claimed to be an underlying part of all the causes of terrorism. Terrorism is a global issue that has to be fought globally. Organizations like the UN, NATO and the EU have the war against international terrorism as their highest priority. The UN is currently working on a convention that can be an important part of handling terrorism. They have also established a strategy on how we can fight the terrorism. But we still have a long way to go, and the world might never be completely terror-free. However, if we work on preventing planned terrorist-actions and focus on improving the circumstances that lead to terrorism, the amount of terrorism could be decreased significantly.

Journal opining article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Journal opining article - Essay Example Additionally, spending policies need to be well scrutinized prior to making any economic moves, especially in the present day world. Wessel adds on to indicate that, being able to change the spending policies and the tax policies is essential whilst considering the current economic times and changes in governance (11). Wessel explains that if tax reforms focus on increasing the economic growth rate, then the scorekeepers need to take into account the growth spurt including the extra revenue collected in a specific financial year (12). This aspect, which has a direct implication on the economy, finds support and backup from numerous persons. Wessel is of the opinion that significant legislation in the normal routine gets tweaked such that the tally matches the promises of the proponents not just for bragging rights, but it clears the hurdles in parliament (11). Wessel, in his article, claims that when campaigns culminate and there is legislation of the promises, the joint tax committe e and the congressional budget office makes decisions on the various proposals made (12). According to Wessel, so as to stabilize the economy, there is a need to consider basic precepts (11). This is to mean that the economy growth requires clear guidelines and operation mechanisms. Wessel explains that the precepts are that accounting should not interfere with the congress in passing legislation which improves the growth in the economy (11). So as to have quick glimpse of economic growth, accounting should not permit to the pretense of the congress that every cut in tax caters for its expenditure. It is also vital to note that accounting should also not allow the assumption by the congress that there is a cost free spending on education. This spending, according to Wessel, not only increases the productivity of workers, but also has a massive positive impact on the economy (12). Wessel also argues that at some point when there are numerous changes in the tax plan, the various autho rities that have the function of implementing the changes, figure out that people and businesses respond in the event that the congress puts in plans and changes (12). Some of the changes in relation to Wessel include cut capital-gains in the tax rates whereby, shareholders sell the profits that they have and consequently lead to a surge in the revenue on a temporary basis (12). Ian endeavor to increase spending and elevate the economy, there is a need to set aside funds to the Medicare providers. In the long run, this will lead to an increase in spending in the economy. Changes in the subsidies for farmers make them dedicate more energy to production, for instance growing more crops leading to more profit, which in turn are dedicated to raising the economy. According to the article by Wessel, official tags on legislation do not consider the results of a bill on the overall economy (11). In the view of Wessel, this can, in simple terms be referred to as dynamic scoring (11). Additio nally, whilst analyzing the fiscal policies in an economy, it is vital to note that the bodies that implement the tax rates do not incorporate the macroeconomic effects. Changing the rules made by the congress will therefore become incomplete and consume a lot of time. Changing these rules, in regard to Wessel, also depends on the models of the economy and requires judgment calls (12). The author explains that some of the bills put in place focus on extending income